In the lush landscapes of Queensland, a silent but potentially deadly threat has emerged, one that could affect not just the local wildlife but humans as well. The Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a mosquito-borne illness, has been detected at two piggeries in southern Queensland, prompting an alert from Biosecurity Queensland. This is not the first time the virus has made an appearance; it’s been a known risk since at least July 2022, and the recent findings are a stark reminder of the virus’s persistent presence.
JEV is a virus that, while primarily affecting animals, can have serious consequences for humans. In pigs, it causes reproductive issues, leading to stillbirths and mummified fetuses. Horses can suffer neurological problems. For humans, the risk is rarer but no less severe. Between January 2021 and February 2023, seven Australians succumbed to the disease, which can cause symptoms ranging from fever, vomiting, and headaches to more severe outcomes like seizures, paralysis, and even death.
Most people who contract JEV may not become ill, but the potential for severe health issues means that vigilance is crucial. A recent case in New South Wales, where a man was hospitalised after a mosquito bite while camping, has highlighted the virus’s reach and the importance of awareness and prevention.
Dr Jeremy McAnulty, NSW Health’s executive director of health protection, has emphasised the widespread potential of JEV, especially in areas west of the Great Dividing Range. With the virus also detected in mosquito populations in Goondiwindi, Inglewood, and Monto, the risk is not confined to one area but is a concern for a significant stretch of the country.
The summer months, particularly February, see a rise in mosquito populations and, consequently, mosquito-borne illnesses. In 2022, a deadly outbreak of JEV in domestic pigs resulted in human fatalities and affected over 80 piggeries across Queensland, NSW, Victoria, and South Australia. JEV symptoms typically appear in humans within five to 15 days. Besides the JE virus, mosquito bites can also transmit Murray Valley encephalitis, Kunjin, Ross River, and Barmah Forest viruses.
For those living in or travelling to areas with an elevated risk of JEV, taking precautions against mosquito bites is essential. Simple steps can make a significant difference, such as using insect repellents containing DEET, Picaridin, or Oil of Lemon Eucalyptus, wearing loose and light-coloured clothing to cover arms and legs, and sleeping under a mosquito net when outdoors.
Pig farmers, in particular, must be vigilant, monitoring their animals for signs of JEV and reporting any suspicions to a veterinarian. The most common indicator of an infection in pigs is unexplained abortions or stillbirths.
Fortunately, a vaccine against JEV is available and free for eligible individuals in Queensland. It’s recommended for those living near pigs or in areas inhabited by wild pigs. With over 100 vaccination providers across the state, including GPs, pharmacies, and community immunisation providers, access to the vaccine is within reach for many.
It’s important to note that JEV does not spread directly between humans and cannot be contracted by consuming the meat of an infected animal.
What steps are you taking to protect yourself from mosquito-borne illnesses? Have you or someone you know been affected by JEV or similar viruses? Share your thoughts, experiences, and any additional safety tips in the comment section below – we’d love to hear from you!
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Good news, maybe this will discourage people from eating pig
Finish reading the article before making any comments: “It’s important to note that JEV does not spread directly between humans and cannot be contracted by consuming the meat of an infected animal.